Editing Milazzo Gang

{{SHORTDESC:Castellammarese-linked Mafia faction led by Gaspar Milazzo in Detroit}}
{{Infobox criminal organization
| name = Milazzo Gang
| also_known_as = Milazzo group<br>Milazzo Mafia faction
| founding_location = Detroit, Michigan
| territory = Detroit and surrounding communities
| structure = Independent local Mafia faction with Castellammaresi kinship and criminal connections
| activities = Bootlegging<br>Gambling and business interests<br>Mafia mediation and coalition-building<br>Factional violence and murder
| leader = Gaspar “Gaspare” Milazzo
| notable_members = Rosario “Sam” Parrino {{small|(aide and associate)}}
| predecessor = [[Castellammaresi network (New York City)|Castellammaresi migration and kinship network]] {{small|(social milieu, not a formal parent corporation)}}
| allies = Detroit East Side faction {{small|(situational alliance, not organizational identity)}}<br>[[Schiro crime family|Schiro organization]] {{small|(kinship and fraternal links)}}
| successor = Detroit East Side coalition<br>Detroit Partnership {{small|(through later consolidation; not sole predecessor)}}
| status = Disrupted by the killings of Milazzo and Parrino
| years_active = 1920s–May 31, 1930 {{small|(Detroit phase; exact formation date uncertain)}}
}}

The '''Milazzo Gang''' was a Detroit Mafia faction led by Gaspar or Gaspare Milazzo during the Prohibition era. Milazzo was born in Castellammare del Golfo and maintained strong kinship and criminal links with the Williamsburg [[Schiro crime family|Schiro organization]], particularly through Vito Bonventre.<ref name="Critchley">David Critchley, [https://books.google.com/books?id=2eCPAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA177 ''The Origin of Organized Crime in America: The New York City Mafia, 1891–1931''] (New York: Routledge, 2009), pp. 177–180 and 214–230.</ref>

The Detroit group was nevertheless an independent local faction, not a remote Schiro crew commanded from Brooklyn. It also should not be treated as synonymous with Detroit's East Side Gang or as the sole institutional ancestor of the later Detroit Partnership.

==Castellammaresi origins and Brooklyn links==
Milazzo belonged to the extended [[Castellammaresi network (New York City)|Castellammaresi migration, kinship and Mafia milieu]]. The 1921 [[Good Killers Gang|Good Killers]] disclosures connected Bonventre–Magaddino vendetta networks in Sicily, Brooklyn and Detroit. Hunt and Tona describe killings and alliances extending across those locations, while Critchley cautions that the evidence does not establish one centralized enforcement syndicate that later became the Brooklyn, Buffalo and Detroit families.<ref name="GoodKillers">Thomas Hunt and Michael A. Tona, [https://mafiahistory.us/a014/f_goodkillers.html “The Good Killers: 1921's Glimpse of the Mafia”].</ref><ref name="Critchley" />

These sources support personal movement, hometown loyalty, kinship and cooperation. They do not prove that every Detroit Castellammarese belonged to Milazzo's organization or that Schiro appointed its leaders.

==Detroit faction and alliances==
Detroit contained several Mafia-related organizations and territorial factions rather than one continuously unified family. Historical reconstructions distinguish East Side, West Side, Hamtramck and downriver groups before later consolidation.<ref name="DetroitHistory">[https://mafiahistory.us/maf-b-de.html “Detroit Crime Family Bosses”], ''The American Mafia'', historical succession overview.</ref>

Milazzo developed his own Mafia group and allied with the East Side faction associated with Angelo Meli, William Tocco and Joseph Zerilli. The alliance did not make the Milazzo group and East Side Gang identical. Milazzo also worked in the wider environment around Salvatore Catalanotte and other Detroit leaders.

Prohibition bootlegging supplied wealth and opportunities for cooperation, while Milazzo gained a reputation as a mediator or “peacemaker” among Sicilian factions. That later reputation does not establish supreme command over every Detroit organization.

==Conflict with LaMare and Masseria==
By 1930, Detroit's factions were divided between East Side figures and a West Side or “downtown” faction associated with Cesare “Chester” LaMare. Critchley writes that Milazzo's Castellammaresi ties and refusal to submit to Giuseppe Masseria contributed to the larger tensions preceding the Castellammarese War.<ref name="Critchley" />

Milazzo and Rosario “Sam” Parrino went to the Vernor Highway Fish Market on May 31, 1930 for what was presented as a peace meeting. Both were shot to death. Contemporary Detroit reporting attributed responsibility to the downtown or West Side side, while later narratives linked LaMare and Masseria to the plot.<ref name="FishMarket">Thomas Hunt, [https://www.writersofwrongs.com/2019/05/detroit-fish-market-murders-spark-mafia.html “Detroit Fish Market Murders Spark Mafia War”], ''The Writers of Wrongs'', May 31, 2019, synthesizing contemporary Detroit press and later records.</ref> No murder conviction established the full chain of command, so responsibility remains attributed rather than stated as judicial fact.

The murders intensified conflict in Detroit and contributed to wider opposition to Masseria. They did not by themselves create the Castellammarese War or a new unified Detroit family.

==Relationship to the Detroit Partnership==
After Milazzo's death, Detroit underwent additional warfare, leadership changes and coalition-building. Meli, Tocco, Zerilli and other East Side figures became central to the later consolidated organization commonly called the Detroit Partnership.

The Milazzo faction was one contributor to that environment, but it was not the Partnership under an earlier name. The later family incorporated personnel and relationships from several local groups. Treating Milazzo as its sole founder would erase the independent East Side, West Side, Hamtramck and downriver formations.

==References==
<references />

[[Category:Former gangs in Michigan]]
[[Category:Organized crime in Detroit]]
[[Category:Mafia groups in the United States]]
[[Category:Italian-American organized crime groups]]
[[Category:Organizations disestablished in 1930]]